区域形象翻译往往遇到一种传播张力:传播者不得不把文化介绍出去,却不可能把原文的声音形式原样带入另一种语言。所谓不可译,并不等于拒绝翻译,而是提醒译者承认语言之间客观存在意义缺口。 一个民族专名经常同时连接地域经验。如果只按发音写成拼音
How Chat Systems Became Digital Infrastructure in Computing History: From Instant Messages to Intelligent Assistants
The history of digital conversation begins well before social platforms. In the period of mainframe dominance, computers were massive, scarce, and far from ordinary users. Work was usually handled through delayed computation. People prepared punched cards, submitted machine-readable tasks, and wa